The presence of Chinese workers in Africa has dwindled to its lowest point in more than ten years, according to recent data from China’s National Bureau of Statistics.
From a peak of 263,696 workers in 2015, the number plummeted to 88,371 in 2022, marking a huge decline.
Analysts attribute this decline to various factors, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to Chinese workers leaving Africa temporarily, with the country reopening its doors only in early 2023.
Additionally, economic factors such as oil prices and the scaling back of China’s Belt and Road Initiative have contributed to the decrease in Chinese workers across the continent.
While some speculate about a potential uptick in Chinese worker numbers due to resumed projects, experts remain cautious.
Deborah Brautigam, director at the China Africa Research Initiative, suggests that while some projects may have restarted, overall Chinese-financed projects have been declining, dampening the prospects of significant increases in worker numbers.
The decline in Chinese worker presence is most evident in countries heavily reliant on oil exports, such as Algeria and Angola.
Both nations experienced substantial drops in the number of Chinese workers, attributed to fluctuations in global oil prices and efforts to diversify their economies away from Chinese dependency.
However, not all African countries have seen declines. The Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, and Zimbabwe stand out as exceptions, with increases or stable numbers of Chinese workers.
These countries boast rich mineral resources, making them attractive for Chinese investment, particularly in green energy and minerals crucial for technologies like electric vehicles.
Criticism has often been directed at China for its failure to create local job opportunities or develop skills among African workers.
While Chinese projects do employ local laborers, the majority are in unskilled roles, with higher-paid, skilled positions often filled by Chinese workers.
Analysts emphasize the need for Chinese companies to prioritize hiring local managers and investing in the development of Chinese language skills among African managers to foster long-term economic empowerment and sustainability.
